Abstract
Introduction
We evaluated the oncological outcomes of synchronous or metachronous brain metastasis
(BM) of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) according to clinicopathologic factors.
Patients and Methods
Patients with metastatic RCC (n = 93) with synchronous and metachronous BM were retrospectively
identified. We analyzed patients and tumor characteristics, treatment methods, prognostic
factors, BM progression, and overall survival (OS).
Results
Seventy-six patients (81.7%) received local therapy (stereotactic radiosurgery [60.2%],
radiation therapy [22.6%], and neurosurgery [10.8%]), and 54 patients (58.1%) were
treated with systemic medical therapy. In multivariable analysis, poor Memorial Sloan-Kettering
Cancer Center (MSKCC) risk (hazard ratio [HR] 3.672; 95% confidence interval [CI],
1.441-9.36; P = .0064), sarcomatoid component (HR 4.264; 95% CI, 2.062-8.820; P = .0001), and multiple BMs (HR 2.838; 95% CI, 1.690-4.767; P = .0001) were prognostic indicators of a poorer OS outcome. Local (HR 0.436; 95%
CI, 0.237-0.802; P = .0076) and systemic treatment (HR 0.322; 95% CI, 0.190-0.548; P < .0001) were independent factors for a better OS. Although OS from initial RCC diagnosis
in patients with metachronous BM was better than that for patients with synchronous
BM, there were no differences found between synchronous and metachronous patients
in terms of BM progression and OS after the diagnosis of BM.
Conclusions
Poor MSKCC risk, sarcomatoid component of histology, and multiple BMs are prognostic
indicators for poor OS in patients with BM from metastatic RCC. Systemic and/or local
treatment improves the OS. Because the type of BM, synchronous or metachronous, does
not influence BM progression or the OS outcome, routine evaluation for BM is not recommended.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: May 09, 2017
Accepted:
May 1,
2017
Received in revised form:
April 17,
2017
Received:
February 16,
2017
Identification
Copyright
© 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
