Abstract
Introduction
Pelvic lymph node (PLN) metastasis has a worse prognosis in penile squamous cell carcinoma.
This study sought to determine the predictors of PLN metastasis in penile SCC.
Materials and Methods
This retrospective study included primary penile resections with inguinal lymph nodes
(ILN) and PLN dissections over 10 years (2007-2017). A subset of treatment naïve cases
with PLN metastasis was matched for age and tumor size with another subset of cases
having metastatic ILN and negative PLN. The variables were correlated with the PLN
metastasis using appropriate statistical tests. Internal validation of the multivariate
model was conducted by using 2000 bootstraps on the same cohort. The optimum cut-off
for the number of positive ILN was obtained by plotting a receiver operating characteristic
curve and using the highest Youden’s index as a discriminator.
Results
A total of 56 cases (28 in each subset) formed the study cohort. On unadjusted analysis
the size of the largest ILN (p=0.038), number of positive ILN (p=0.001), percentage
of positive ILN (p=0.001), and laterality of ILN involvement (p=0.007) had a significant
correlation with PLN metastasis. On adjusted analysis, the number of positive ILN
(p=0.011) was the only statistically significant variable. Bootstrapping results indicated
that this multivariate model represented the dataset adequately. The maximum Youden’s
index was obtained when ≥5 ILN were positive.
Conclusions
The number of metastatic ILN is the most important predictor of PLN metastasis. A
higher threshold of metastatic ILN for addressing PLN dissection can be investigated,
particularly in a high disease burden setup.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: November 17, 2022
Accepted:
November 14,
2022
Received in revised form:
November 7,
2022
Received:
August 17,
2022
Publication stage
In Press Journal Pre-ProofIdentification
Copyright
© 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
